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歌手名：新概念第四册
歌曲名：37
专辑名：hgjjhjj
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Lesson 37 The process of ageing
First listen and then answer the following question.
What is one of the most unple-asant discover-ies
we make about ourselves as we get older?
At the age of twelve years,
the human body is at its most vigorous.
It has yet to reach its full size and strength,
and its owner his or her full intelligence;
but at this age the likelihood of death is least.
Earlier, we were infants and young children,
and consequently more vulnerable;later,
we shall undergo a progressive loss of our vigour
and resistance which, though imperceptible at first,
will finally become so steep that we can live no longer,
however well we look after ourselves,
and however well society, and our doctors, look after us.
This decline in vigour with the passing of time is called ageing.
It is one of the most unpleasant discoveries
which we all make that we must decline in this way,
that if we esc-ape wars, accid-ents
and diseases we shall eventually ＇die of old age＇,
and that this happens at a rate
which differs little from pe-rson to person,
so that there are heavy odds in favour of our dying
between the ages of sixty-five and eighty.
Some of us will die sooner,
a few will live longer-on into a ninth or tenth decade.
But the chances are against it,
and there is a virtual limit
on how long we can hope to remain alive,
however lucky and robust we are.
Normal people tend to forget this process
unless and until they are reminded of it.
We are so familiar with the fact that man ages,
that people have for years assumed
that the process of losing vigour with time,
of becoming more likely to die the older we get,
was something self-evident,like the cool-ing
of a hot kettle or the wearing-out of a pair of shoes.
They have also assumed that all animals,
and probably other organisms such as trees,
or even the universe itself,
must in the nature of things ＇wear out＇.
Most animals we commonly obser-ve do in fact age as we do,
if given the chance to live long enough;
and mechanical systems like a wound watch,
or the sun, do in fact run out of energy
in accordance with the second law of thermodynamics
(whether the whole universe does so
is a moot point at present).
But these are mot analogous to what happens when man ages.
A run-down watch is still a watch and can be rewound.
An old watch,by contrast,
becomes so worn and unreliable
that it eventua-lly is not worth mending.
But a watch could never re-pair itself-
it does not con-sist of living parts, only of metal,
which wears away by friction. We could, at one time,
repair ourselves-well enough, at least,
to overcome all but the most instantly fatal illnesses
and accidents.Between twelve and eighty years
we gradually lose this power;
an illness which at twelve would knock us Over,
at eighty can knock us out,and into our grave.
If we could stay as vigorous as we are at twelve,
it would Take about 700 years for half of us to die,
and another 700 for the survivors to be reduced by half again.